If a person has emotional distress or sudden fright, their body releases adrenaline into the bloodstream, but this usually reverses itself in a healthy person. Many things affect the severity and effect of shock on a person, such as their health, age, gender and personality, where on their body they are injured, and the environment. When this happens, the blood pressure drops, which can be fatal. But the body also releases the hormone (chemical) adrenaline and this can reverse the body’s initial response. This is called vasoconstriction and it helps conserve blood flow to the vital organs. At first, the body responds to this life-threatening situation by constricting (narrowing) blood vessels in the extremities (hands and feet). Shock is a defence responseIn medical terms, shock is the body’s response to a sudden drop in blood pressure. If the blood flow is not restored, the person may die from complications due to lack of oxygen supply to major organs (hypoxia). Some of the causes of shock include uncontrolled bleeding, severe burns and spinal injury.Ī drop in blood pressure reduces the flow of oxygen and nutrients to a person’s vital organs such as their brain, heart and lungs. It is a life-threatening medical emergency. But in medical terms, shock is when you do not have enough blood circulating around your body. Most people think of ‘shock’ as emotional distress or sudden fright in response to a traumatic event.
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